{"id":2455,"date":"2024-06-06T23:10:45","date_gmt":"2024-06-06T21:10:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/citam.com\/sin-categorizar\/cuando-se-produce-una-lumbalgia-o-el-dolor-de-espalda-en-la-parte-baja\/"},"modified":"2025-05-11T19:44:00","modified_gmt":"2025-05-11T17:44:00","slug":"cuando-se-produce-una-lumbalgia-o-el-dolor-de-espalda-en-la-parte-baja","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/citam.com\/ca\/dolor-ca\/cuando-se-produce-una-lumbalgia-o-el-dolor-de-espalda-en-la-parte-baja\/","title":{"rendered":"Quan es produeix una lumb\u00e0lgia o dolor a la part baixa de l’esquena"},"content":{"rendered":"

El dolor a la part baixa de l’esquena<\/strong><\/h2>\n

La lumb\u00e0lgia, el lumbago o el dolor lumbar<\/strong> \u00e9s un mal bastant com\u00fa que es localitza a la part baixa de l’esquena. Afecta almenys una vegada a la vida al 80% de la poblaci\u00f3 (joves, adults i majors), degut a alteracions a les diferentes estructures que conformen la columna vertebral (v\u00e8rtebres, discs intervertebrals, m\u00fasculs, lligaments…).<\/p>\n

La causa m\u00e9s freq\u00fcent d’aquest dolor d’esquena \u00e9s la lumb\u00e0lgia mec\u00e0nica<\/strong>; que sol estar relacionada amb una sobrec\u00e0rrega muscular, una h\u00e8rnia discal o la realitzaci\u00f3 de movimients repetitius. A la major part dels casos, aquestes dol\u00e8ncies poden evitar-se mitjan\u00e7ant introducci\u00f3 de bons h\u00e0bits de vida (exercici, dieta equilibrada, postures correctes…).<\/p>\n

D’altre banda, s’ha de tenir en compte que aquest malestar pot sobrepassar la regi\u00f3 lumbar (dolor lumbar irradiat<\/strong>) i estendre’s cap als membres inferiors del cos. A m\u00e9s, pot persistir en el temps i derivar en una lumb\u00e0lgia cr\u00f2nica<\/strong>, arrivant a resultar incapacitant.<\/p>\n

\"dolor-espalda-lumbalgia\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

Quines s\u00f3n les causas del lumbago<\/h3>\n

Les causes<\/strong> del dolor d’esquen s\u00f3n molt variades<\/strong>, si b\u00e9 la major\u00eda de vegades tenen un origen biomec\u00e0nic (sobreesfor\u00e7oc, postures, traumatismes\u2026<\/strong>). Aquesta lumb\u00e0lgia mec\u00e0nica, que apareix tant de manera sobtada como progressiva, pot manifestar-se de forma molt dolorosa i tornar-se veritablement limitant.<\/p>\n

Les causes mec\u00e0niques<\/strong> del lumbago alteren la posici\u00f3 normal de la columna i, en conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia, exposen a les v\u00e8rtebres a suportar el pes d’una manera incorrecta:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Males postures en el treball, postures est\u00e0tiques<\/strong> i altres actituds que condueixen a la distensi\u00f3 d’un lligament o d’un m\u00fascul a l’esquena.<\/li>\n
  • Cops o traumatismes (fractures per osteoporosis<\/strong>)<\/li>\n
  • Gestos repetitius o bruscos (aixecar objetes pesats en repetides ocasions, fer un mal movimient sobtat, flexi\u00f3 i torsi\u00f3 freq\u00fcent del tronc\u2026)<\/li>\n
  • Una h\u00e8rnia discal<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • La s\u00edndrome facet\u00e0ria lumbar<\/li>\n
  • L’estenosi de canal (artrosi<\/strong>\u00a0de la columna vertebral)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Igual que amb altres mals, resulta clau cercar ajuda quan el dolor no desapareix o impacta significativament a la vida diaria. A m\u00e9s, la lumb\u00e0lgia mec\u00e0nica pot complicar-se i derivar en una lumb\u00e0lgia cr\u00f2nica<\/strong>, en ci\u00e0tica o en una h\u00e8rnia de disc, entre d’altres.<\/p>\n

    El dolor d’esquena tamb\u00e9n pot deure’s a causes inflamat\u00f2ries (lumb\u00e0lgies inflamat\u00f2ries). Aquest tipus de lumb\u00e0lgia \u00e9s molt menys freq\u00fcente que la mec\u00e0nica. Sol tenir el seu origen en infeccions, tumors o problemes org\u00e0nics greus.<\/p>\n

    S\u00edmptomes i tractament de la lumb\u00e0lgia<\/h3>\n

    Encara que els s\u00edmptomes de la lumb\u00e0lgia varien en funci\u00f3 de la causa i la gravetat de la lesi\u00f3, els senyals m\u00e9s freq\u00fcents s\u00f3n el dolor fort i punxant a la part inferior de l’esquena<\/strong> (es pot estendre a altres parts com les natges o les cames), la sensaci\u00f3 de rigidesa, la dificultat de movimient o la p\u00e8rdua de flexibilitat<\/strong>, entre d’altres.<\/p>\n

    En el seu diagn\u00f2stic, segons els nostres especialistes en lumbago a Mallorca<\/strong>, resulta fonamental l’estudi de cada cas individualment i rec\u00f3rrer a instruments com la hist\u00f2ria cl\u00ednica del pacient, l’exploraci\u00f3 f\u00edsica i les proves d’imatges (quan \u00e9s necessari). D’aquesta forma, s’estableix l’origen del malestar i es determina el tractament per al dolor d’esquena m\u00e9s adequat<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Medicaments per al dolor de lumbago<\/li>\n
    • Aplicacions de calor o de gel a la zona adolorida<\/li>\n
    • Suspensi\u00f3 de les activitats f\u00edsiques<\/li>\n
    • Evitar accions que sobrecarreguin\u00a0 la columna vertebral<\/li>\n
    • M\u00e8tode McKenzie per al dolor lumbar<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      No obstant aix\u00f2, pot ser convenient rec\u00f3rrer a la cirugia quan el tractament no quir\u00fargic per al dolor d’esquena<\/strong> resulta inefica\u00e7 o insuficient. Abans de prendre qualsevol decisi\u00f3, \u00e9s important haver demanat almenys un parell de consultes amb especialistes per a con\u00e8ixer el cas en profunditat.<\/p>\n

      Com prevenir la lumb\u00e0lgia<\/h3>\n

      L’obesitat, les males postures, el sedentarisme, els esfor\u00e7os f\u00edsics inadequats, les posicions incorrectes\u2026 s\u00f3n alguns dels factors que contribueixen a agreujar les lumb\u00e0lgias i, per tant, aspectes sobre els quals hem de prestar especial atenci\u00f3.<\/p>\n

      A pesar que la lumb\u00e0lgia pot amagar una causa no controlable, moltes vegades poden prendre’s cartes en l’assumpte per a alleujar o prevenir el dolor d’esquena<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Realitzar exercicis per a enfortir la musculatura lumbar<\/strong>: evitar els esports que impliquin un sobreesfor\u00e7 de l’esquena<\/li>\n
      • Portar una alimentaci\u00f3 sana i equilibrada: el sobrep\u00e8s implica una major tensi\u00f3 als m\u00fasculs de la columna<\/li>\n
      • Vigilar la postura en caminar: evitar caminar encorbat<\/strong>, no abusar del tal\u00f3 alt ni de les bosses molt pesades<\/li>\n
      • Cuidar de l’esquena al dormir: utilitzar un matal\u00e0s ni molt dur ni molt tou, dormir boca amunt amb un coix\u00ed sota els genolls i un altre sota les lumbars<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • Mantenir la higiene postural en el treball<\/strong>: col\u00b7locar la pantalla de l’ordinador a l’altura dels ulls, posar l’esquena recta contra el respatller, donar suport als peus i comptar amb una cadira adequada<\/li>\n
      • Agafar pes amb els genolls flexionats<\/strong>: no inclinar l’esquena per a aixecar un objecte pesat ni realitzar movimients bruscos. \u00c9s important doblegar els genolls i mantenir l’esquena recta en aquests casos<\/li>\n
      • Compte amb els movimients repetitius: si no poden evitar-se, han de fer-se de manera correcta, realitzant descansos i estiraments, passejos breus o canvis freq\u00fcentes de postura<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        La lumbalgia, el lumbago o el dolor lumbar\u00a0es un mal bastante com\u00fan que se localiza en la parte baja de la espalda.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2374,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2455","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dolor-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nQuan es produeix una lumb\u00e0lgia o dolor a la part baixa de l'esquena - Citam<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/citam.com\/ca\/dolor-ca\/cuando-se-produce-una-lumbalgia-o-el-dolor-de-espalda-en-la-parte-baja\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Quan es produeix una lumb\u00e0lgia o dolor a la part baixa de l'esquena - 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